Researchers at the Danish Cancer Institute have identified a correlation between prolonged exposure to traffic noise and an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease. The analysis covered 3.1 million Danish adults over a 13-year period.
The scientists used data from national health records and residential locations to estimate noise levels. The methodology covered different years, adjusting sociodemographic and environmental variables in order to obtain a clear view of the effects of noise on health.
The study, reported by MedPageToday, showed that an increase of 11.5 dB in noise is significantly associated with a higher incidence of Parkinson's. Participants exposed to a higher noise level on their facades showed a significantly higher risk compared to those who enjoyed a quieter environment.
It should be noted that, although the increase in risk is modest at the individual level, the large number of people exposed to these conditions highlights considerable public health concern. Experts suggest that noise pollution, especially during nighttime rest hours, could have a significant impact on health at a population level.
What explains the relationship between noise and Parkinson's?
The most plausible biological mechanisms point to a combination of oxidative stress, inflammation, activation of stress axes and changes in dopaminergic brain circuits that can make substantia nigra neurons more vulnerable.
In experimental studies, noise exposure has also been linked to lower expression of VMAT2, a key protein for handling dopamine within the neuron, which could increase neuronal damage.
Proposed mechanisms
Measures to reduce exposure to urban noise
The most effective measures combine reducing noise at its source, slowing its spread and protecting exposed people. In urban areas, reducing speed, diverting or restricting traffic, using sound-absorbing pavements and installing noise barriers or green strips usually work better.
Measurements on the road
Mobility measures
urban design
At home
